Alcohol With Charcoal As Substitute To Pentel Pen Inc Essay

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTWhatever the researchers achieve in life, they ar for certain the result of loving, affection, and caring people who pick up been through the years nurturing, realizing the dreams and aspiration. They are the people who have encouraged, bolster the self- confidence, and lift the spirit in times of confusion, helplessness, and vulnerability. They express kind words, extend a helping hand, lend ears, and deliberate the ability of the researcher as a person, and approximately of all as a student. They are indeed, the agent of theresearchers unfolding. This research would non be possible without the kind assistance and untiring support of rock-steady friends who shade strength in making this field of operation a reality. Thus, the researchers call to express deep gratitude to the wonderful and uncountable blessings of the Lord, end-to-end the writing of this research. Thanking the Lord for the snuff it mind and health bestowed to the researchers.Deepest gratitu de to Miss Sharmaine teacher for her encouragement and guidance.Mrs. Grace G. Alutaya for liberal constructive and valuable suggestions in improving the write-ups and content of the research. The researchers parents for the unconditional bask and unwavering support.And to all the person who helped the researchers, a precious thanks and appreciations to all. nonfigurativeThe project aimed to consider sign as draw, advantages and disadvantages of employ oxford gray as sign, and the stiffness of the finish harvest-feast to the moneymaking(prenominal)-grade sign available in the market. The instruct launched engender use of the descriptive- look intoal method. The research done ask the following corporals to made the experiment successful. Some materials needed were just reachable in the kitchen. fewer of materials needed were recycled. Some tools needed were bought to ensure appropriate measurement of the product running played. The data gathered for the theme fu sain as backup man to inditetel pen ink are presented,analyzed and interpreted in this chapter. The study was conducted in the home of the research leader , Purok- 8, Cayutan, Cagniog, Surigao City Based on the findings, the three liquifiables such as water, kerosene and gr assuagement-gunoline are not the best choice to be experimented when it manages to let an unuse pentel ink recyclable again. The researchers therefore recommend to use inebriant as best focal point to reuse again the pentel pen.APPROVAL SHEETThis Investigatory Project authoriseCHARCOAL AS SUBSTITUTE TO PENTEL PEN INKprepared and submitted by Klaus St compensate Kinkel G. Alutaya, Jayford Guy-ab, Julie Ann Jumandos, Joshua Jordan Chua, Jaypaul Roma has been examined and is recommended for approval and acceptance forORAL EXAMINATION.SHARMAINE GORGONIOAdviser_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _PANEL OF EXAMINERS ratified by the committee on Oral Examination with theGrad e of ___ on January 2011________________________Chairman___________________Member_________________ MemberACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for scientific discipline terce.CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBack account of the StudyPentel pen is very useful to everyone peculiarly to students and teachers. Thus one of the main reason of the research squad to arrived to this study is the usefulness to the researchers. The researchers find difficulty in choosing the product to be tested and to be experimented. The leader of the research team arrived to this kind of job for the leader itself uses charcoal-gray as substitute to liquefied petroleum gas in their home for cooking. And curiously had the idea to achieve further, the uses of charcoal to our lives e supernumeraryly nowadays experiencing crisis. And out of curiosity, the research leader had an idea what if he could discover charcoal pentel pen ink substitute. And this volition be proven as soon as experiments will be thoroughly done by the group.Review of Related LiteratureAll natural wood charcoal has been utilise since 30,000 BC. Originally utilise in cave drawings, by 3,500 BC wood charcoal, was commonly used as a fuelthroughout Europe and Asia. The Egyptians used it in Iron smelting and in producing glass. It brought the world into the dye Age around 2,000 BC. By 500 BC woodland centering was evident, thus guaranteeing the supply of the most influential fuel in history. 2 thousand years ago, wood charcoal really took off. In AD 43-410, the Romans were coppicing on a truly grand scale (Coppicing is constrictting a tree, typically old growth tree, to ground level. This 2invigorates the ingraft, and the root brass is directed to growing a number of new shoots. These shoots grow vigorously allowing for quicker and bountiful coppicing every 7 to 20 years). Wood charcoal was not only the fuel of choice at this time, but was withal used in making tar for caulking and a thinner interpretat ion is used in embalming. It was used in dyes, and as construction material in wet areas where rotting was an issue. During this period wood charcoal was in any case used in filtration and purification of liquids for the first time.From 1900 to present day, wood charcoal has been replaced as the fuel of choice to power the civilized world. Wood charcoal, however,finds a new importance in its uses in filtration and purification, horticulture, and animal feed, and pharmaceuticals, as well up as its continued use in lesser-developed countries as a study and more healthful fuel source than wood and fossil fuels. In the other hand, according to Wikipedia, many ancient cultures around the world have independently discovered and formulated inks for the purposes of writing and drawing. The knowledge of the inks, their recipes and the techniques for their production comes from archeologic analysis or from written text itself. The history of Chinese inks piece of ass be traced back to th e twelfth one C BC, with the utilization of natural plant (plant dyes), animal, and mineral inks based on such materials as graphite that were ground with water and applied with ink brushes. Evidence for the earliest Chinese inks, homogeneous to modern inksticks, is around 256 BC in the end of the Warring States stop consonant and produced using manual labour from soot and animal glue.3The India ink used in ancient India since at least the 4th coulomb BC was called masi, and was made of burnt bones, tar, pitch, and other substances. Indian documents written in Kharosthi with ink have been unearthed inChinese Turkestan.The practice of writing with ink and a sharp pointed needle was common in early south India.4 Several Jain sutras in India were compiled in ink.5 In ancient Rome, atramentum was used. not much was known about this ink because no one has used it in a long time. About 1,600 years ago, a favorite ink recipe was created. The recipe was used for centuries. Iron sodiu m chlorides, such as ferrous sulfate (made by treating iron with sulfuric acid), were mixed with tannic acid from gallnuts (they grow on trees) and a thickener. When first put to paper, this ink is bluish-black. all over time it fades to a dull brown.Scribes in medieval Europe (about AD 800 to 1500) wrote principally on parchment or vellum. One 12th century ink recipe called for hawthorn branches to be cut in the leak and left to dry. Then the bark was pounded from the branches and soaked in water for ogdoad days. The water was boiled until it thickened and turned black. Wine was added during boiling. The ink was poured into special bags and hung in the sun. Once dried, the mixture was mixed with wine and iron salt over a fire to make the final ink. The reservoir pen, which may have been the first fountain pen, dates back to 953, when Mad al-Muizz, the kaliph of Egypt, demanded a pen that would not stain his hands or clothes, and was provided with a pen that held ink in a reser voir.4In the fifteenth century, a new fibre of ink had to be developed in Europe for the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg. Two types of ink were usual at the time the Greek and Roman writing ink (soot, glue, and water) and the 12th century variety composed of ferrous sulfate, gall, gum, and water. Neither of these handwriting inks could cohere to printing surfaces without creating blurs. Eventually an oily, varnish-like ink made of soot, turpentine, and walnut oil was created specifically for the printing press. Up until a few years ago, consumers had very teeny-weeny wager in ink other than refills for their pens. Fountain pens became a vicissitude as the disposable ball point pen took over the market. The knowledgeability of home computing led to home printing. Today, in developed nations, most residences and businesses have a printing capability. As a result, buy ink in the form of a printer cartridge has once again become a part of the day-to-day shopping experience, similar to buying a bottle of ink fifty years ago. Ink surrogate services for printer cartridges are offered by large, official printingcompanies as well as smaller, unofficial refill companies. Customers can often cut printing costs by using refill services from a refill company, or buying the new non-OEM (original equipment manufacturer) brands instead of refilling.The refilling of ink cartridges and the use of continuous ink supply systems for inkjet printers is very common in most countries, with the exception of the United States. As printer manufacturers control the type of competition that they allow on retail shelves to a great extent, devices to ease the use of refill inks are usually only available online.5Statement of the ProblemThis study sought to answer the following questionsa.Can inebriantic beverage with charcoal be considered as ink?b.What are the advantages and disadvantages of using alcohol with charcoal as ink? c.Which is more effective the commercial ink or the alcohol with charcoal ink?Significance of the StudyThe researchers entrust that the findings of this research and study will be a great interest and valuable usefulness to the followingResearchers.The result of this research and study will enable the researchers to present recommendations which will serve as basis for the effective way of using the said study.Students.To enable them to discover that charcoal as ink is helpful to a student to minimize buying commercial ink since this is expensive over the counter.Teachers.To enable the teachers to used this technique at home for their own satisfaction and practice cross cutting at home.Community.The result of this research and study will enable the community to increase the use of charcoal as ink 6instead of relying on commercial ink which are highly priced nowadays.Scope and LimitationThis study focused on charcoal can be considered as ink, the advantages and disadvantages of using charcoal as ink, and the effectiveness of cha rcoal as ink compared to commercial ink in the market.Definition of Terms wood coal is the dark colourise residue consisting of impure ascorbic acid obtained by removing water and other inconstant constituents from animal and vegetationsubstances.Ink -is a liquid that contains pigments and / or dyes and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing and / or writing with a pen, brush or quill.Volatile- meaning changing or changeableAlcohol-is an organic compound in which the hydroxyl radical functional group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bring togethers to three other atoms.Ethyl -an ethyl radical group is an alkyl substituent derived fromethane (C2H6). It has the formula C2H5 and is very often abbreviate Et. Ethyl is used in the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry for a saturated two-carbon moiety in a molecule, whilst the prefix eth- is used to portend the presence of two carbon atoms in the molecule.8CHAPTER II methodologyResearch DesignThe study launched made use of the descriptive- experimental method. In connection to the study the researchers find relevancy and appropriateness of the method since it touch on the collection of the data, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of the conditions that exist.A. MaterialsThe research done need the following materials to made the experiment successful. Some materials needed were just accessible in the kitchen. Few of materials needed were recycled. Some tools needed were bought to ensure proper measurement of the product tested.Materials usedAlcohols ( ethyl and rubbing)CharcoalTools usedMortar and pestlegradational cylinderFunnelBowl, tissue paper/ rug9B. resultThe experiment made was done at a spacious mode away from the children. The data gathered through experiment and evaluation. The study launched make used of the descriptive- experimental method. In connection to the study the researchers find relevancy and appropriateness of the method since it involved the collection of the data, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of the conditions that exist.ProceduresB.1 readiness of the Materials1.1. forgather all materials in one place that is free from children. Occupy a spacious room in which no one will devil your work. B.2 Preparation of the Powdered Charcoal2.1. Pound the charcoal in a mortar with the pestle. Do it until the charcoal is very fine to touch.B.3 Testing of the Liquids3.1. tense the charcoal to the two alcohol to be tested (rubbing & ethyl alcohol) B.4 covering of the two alcohols to write up4.1. Apply the pentel pen to a paper to test which of the two alcohols is effective.10B.5 Data CollectionTabulationEvaluation remnantResearch is always part of being a student. Thus , the researchers preparean experiment through this processes. First, preparation of materials is done11Flowchart of MethodologyPreparation of the materialsPrepar ation of the Powdered CharcoalTesting of the alcoholsApplication of the two alcohols to PaperData CollectionTabulationEvaluationConclusion .12CHAPTER IIIRESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe data gathered for the study charcoal as substitute to pentel pen ink are presented, analyzed and interpreted in this chapter. shelve 1Testing the alcohol with charcoalLiquid Trial 1 Trial 2Charcoal with ethyl alcoholThe researchers put 1 tablespoon of charcoal to the idle pencil case with minimum issue forth of alcohol just preceding(prenominal) the amount of the charcoal and mixed. Pentel pen kit and caboodle as soon as it was tested to write on the bond paper.The researchers added 1 tablespoon of charcoal to determine whetherif there is difference when a bigger amount of charcoal be put to the alcohol, and it really worked. Charcoal with rubbing alcohol The researchers put 1 tablespoon of charcoal to the unused pencil case with minimum amount of alcohol just above the amount of the charcoal and mix ed. Pentel pen works as soon as it was tested to write on the bond paper. The researchers added 1 tablespoon of charcoal to determine whether if there is difference when a bigger amount of charcoal be put to the alcohol, and it really worked.The experiments showed that alcohol is a good liquid substance to be mixed with charcoal to be able to come up with a good output.13CHAPTER IVSUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION compendThe experiment was conducted to determine if alcohol with charcoal can be considered as ink, furthermore to know the disadvantages and advantages of using charcoal as ink and to be able to know which is more effective the commercial ink or the charcoal ink.FindingsBased on the above findings the three liquids water, kerosene, and are not the best choice to be experimented when it comes to let an unused pentel ink useful again. We recommend using alcohol as best way to reused again the pentel pen. In addition, alcohol and charcoal can help unused pen tel pen work. And aside from the observation, the color of the ink did not change into black even if the charcoal itself is black. It still stayed as is.ConclusionBased on study conducted alcohol is the best liquid that reacted to charcoal. It is therefore summed up that among the four liquids experimented alcohol is really a good solution to be mixed with charcoal.14Recommendations1.A study should be conducted thoroughly to test the effectiveness of the two alcohols to the unused pentel pen.2.other recommended titles include2.1 Alcohol as best first aid to pentel pen not working2.2. Charcoal as substitute to shoe pilot 2.3 Charcoal as substitute to crayonsREFERENCEShttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charcoal_(color) http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charcoal_(typeface) http//www.emedicinehealth.com/activated_charcoal/article_em.htm